Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

BORROWINGS

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BORROWINGS
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
BORROWINGS
NOTE 8 — BORROWINGS
The Company’s borrowings consist of the following (in thousands):
December 31, 2023
Principal repayment obligation Unamortized Discount (DFC) Carrying value
Senior Secured Convertible Notes due 2025 $ 83,334  $ (10,415) $ 72,919 
Senior Secured Notes due 2025 250,000  (16,954) 233,046 
Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028 57,678  (2,241) 55,437 
Total borrowings $ 391,012  $ (29,610) $ 361,402 

December 31, 2022
Principal repayment obligation Unamortized DFC Carrying value
Convertible Notes, current $ 166,666  $ (3,110) $ 163,556 
Convertible Notes, non-current 333,334  (6,219) 327,115 
Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028 57,678  (2,585) 55,093 
Total borrowings $ 557,678  $ (11,914) $ 545,764 
Amortization of the borrowings’ DFC is a component of Interest expense, net in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. We amortized approximately $7.1 million, $2.4 million, and $3.1 million during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.
Senior Secured Convertible Notes due 2025 (Extinguished)
On June 3, 2022, we issued and sold $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.00% Senior Secured Convertible Notes due May 1, 2025 (the “Extinguished Convertible Notes”). Net proceeds from the Extinguished Convertible Notes were approximately $488.7 million after deducting fees and expenses. The Extinguished Convertible Notes had quarterly interest payments due on February 1, May 1, August 1, and November 1 of each year and on the maturity date. DFC of approximately $11.5 million were capitalized.
Partial Redemption
On March 27, 2023, the holder of the Extinguished Convertible Notes delivered to the Company notice to redeem $166.7 million of the initial principal amount of the Extinguished Convertible Notes at par, plus accrued interest (the “Redemption Amount”). On March 28, 2023, the Company irrevocably deposited the Redemption Amount of approximately $169.1 million in order to satisfy the redemption and retirement of $166.7 million principal amount of the Extinguished Convertible Notes, plus accrued interest. As a result of paying the Redemption Amount prior to the Extinguished Convertible Notes’ contractual maturity, the Company wrote off approximately $2.8 million of prorated unamortized DFC, which was recognized within Loss on extinguishment of debt, net, in its Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Extinguishment
On August 15, 2023, we issued and sold in a private placement $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of 10% Senior Secured Notes due October 1, 2025 (the “Senior Notes”) and approximately $83.3 million aggregate principal amount of 6% Secured Convertible Notes (the “Convertible Notes”) due October 1, 2025 (collectively the “Replacement Notes”). The issuance of the Replacement Notes to the holder of the Extinguished Convertible Notes resulted in the satisfaction and discharge of the Company’s outstanding principal repayment obligation under the Extinguished Convertible Notes. As a result, the Company recorded a Loss on extinguishment of debt of approximately $29.5 million in its Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Amendments to the Replacement Notes Indentures
On January 2, 2024, we amended the indentures governing the Replacement Notes. See Note 19, Subsequent Events, for further information.
Senior Secured Notes due 2025
The Senior Notes have quarterly interest payments in cash due on the first day of January, April, July, and October of each year, commencing in October 2023. DFC of approximately $20.1 million were capitalized and are being amortized over the term of the Senior Notes using the effective interest rate method. Holders of the Senior Notes may force the Company to redeem the applicable Senior Notes for cash upon (i) a fundamental change or (ii) an event of default. On or after October 1, 2024, the holders of the Senior Notes may redeem up to the entire principal amount of the Senior Notes for a cash purchase price equal to the principal amount of the Senior Notes being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if the Company’s liquidity falls below (a) $200.0 million, if the Convertible Notes are not outstanding at such time, or (b) $250.0 million, if any of the Convertible Notes are outstanding at such time. The Company may provide written notice to each holder of the Senior Notes calling all of such holder’s Senior Notes for redemption for a cash purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest (the “Optional Redemption”).
Our borrowing obligations under the Senior Notes are collateralized by a first priority lien on the Company’s equity interests in Tellurian Production Holdings LLC (“Tellurian Production Holdings”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Tellurian Inc. Tellurian Production Holdings owns all of the Company’s upstream natural gas assets described in Note 4, Property, Plant and Equipment. The Senior Notes contain financial and non-financial covenants, including a minimum cash balance of $50.0 million. As of December 31, 2023, we remained in compliance with all covenants under the Senior Notes.
As of December 31, 2023, the estimated fair value of the Senior Notes was approximately $215.3 million. The Level 3 fair value was estimated based on inputs that are observable in the market or that could be derived from, or corroborated with, observable market data, including our stock price and inputs that are not observable in the market.
Senior Secured Convertible Notes due 2025
The Convertible Notes have quarterly interest payments in cash due on the first day of January, April, July, and October of each year, commencing in October 2023. DFC of approximately $12.3 million were capitalized and are being amortized over the term of the Senior Convertible Notes using the effective interest rate method. The holders of the Convertible Notes have the right to convert the notes into shares of our common stock at an initial conversion rate of 512.8205 shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes (equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $1.95 per share of common stock) (the “Conversion Price”), subject to adjustment in certain circumstances, at any time until the second trading day immediately prior to the maturity date (the “Conversion Feature”). The Company will force the holders of the Convertible Notes to convert all of the notes if the trading price of our common stock closes above 300% of the Conversion Price for 20 consecutive trading days and certain other equity conditions are satisfied. Holders of the Convertible Notes may force the Company to redeem the applicable Notes for cash upon (i) a fundamental change or (ii) an event of default. On or after October 1, 2024, the holders of the Convertible Notes may redeem up to the entire principal amount of the notes for a cash purchase price equal to the principal amount of the notes being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if the Company’s liquidity falls below (a) $75.0 million, if the Senior Notes are not outstanding at such time, or (b) $250.0 million, if any of the Senior Notes are outstanding at such time. The shares subject to conversion are excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share because including it in the computation would have been antidilutive for the periods presented.
Our borrowing obligations under the Convertible Notes are collateralized by a first priority lien on the Company’s equity interests in Tellurian Production Holdings and mortgages of the material real property oil and gas assets of Tellurian Production Holdings LLC and its subsidiaries (together, the “Collateral”). Tellurian Production Holdings owns all of the Company’s upstream natural gas assets described in Note 4, Property, Plant and Equipment. The Collateral will be removed as a secured obligation under the Convertible Notes if the Senior Notes are no longer outstanding. The Convertible Notes contain financial and non-financial covenants, including a minimum cash balance of $50.0 million. As of December 31, 2023, we remained in compliance with all covenants under the Convertible Notes.
As of December 31, 2023, the estimated fair value of the Convertible Notes was approximately $70.1 million. The Level 3 fair value was estimated based on inputs that are observable in the market or that could be derived from, or corroborated with, observable market data, including our stock price and inputs that are not observable in the market.
Replacement Notes Embedded Derivatives
As part of the issuance of the Replacement Notes, the Company agreed to issue an aggregate total of 25.7 million shares of its common stock (the “Share Coupon”) to the holders of the Replacement Notes. The Share Coupon is payable quarterly on the first day of January, April, July, and October of each year, commencing on or before October 2023. To the extent that the average daily volume-weighted average price of the common stock of the Company during each quarter is less than $1.35, the Company will pay a cash amount equal to that difference multiplied by the number of shares issuable for that quarter (the “Cash Shortfall Payments”). Upon any retirement, redemption, or conversion of the Replacement Notes, the Company will issue any and all unpaid Share Coupon plus Cash Shortfall Payments, as applicable (the “Make Whole”).
The Company evaluated the potential embedded features within the Replacement Notes host contracts and determined that the Convertible Feature, Share Coupon, the Cash Shortfall Payments and the Make Whole embedded features required bifurcation as a single unit of account from the Replacement Notes and accounted for them separately at fair value. See Note 9, Financial Instruments, for more information on the fair value measurement of the Replacement Notes embedded derivatives.
Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028
On November 10, 2021, we sold in a registered public offering $50.0 million aggregate principal amount of 8.25% Senior Unsecured Notes due November 30, 2028 (the “Senior Unsecured Notes”). Net proceeds from the Senior Unsecured Notes were approximately $47.5 million after deducting fees. The underwriter was granted an option to purchase up to an additional $7.5 million of the Senior Unsecured Notes within 30 days. On December 7, 2021, the underwriter exercised the option and purchased an additional $6.5 million of the Senior Unsecured Notes resulting in net proceeds of approximately $6.2 million after deducting fees. The Senior Unsecured Notes have quarterly interest payments due on January 31, April 30, July 31, and October 31 of each year and on the maturity date. As of December 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the indenture governing the Senior Unsecured Notes. The Senior Unsecured Notes are listed and trade on the NYSE American under the symbol “TELZ,” and are classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy. As of December 31, 2023, the closing market price was $12.25 per Senior Unsecured Note.
At-the-Market Debt Offering Program
On December 17, 2021, we entered into an at-the-market debt offering program under which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time on the NYSE American, up to an aggregate principal amount of $200.0 million of additional Senior Unsecured Notes. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we sold approximately $1.2 million aggregate principal amount of additional Senior Unsecured Notes for total proceeds of approximately $1.1 million after fees and commissions under our at-the-market debt offering program. On December 30, 2022, the Company terminated the at-the-market debt offering program.
2020 Senior Unsecured Note
On April 29, 2020, we issued a zero coupon $56.0 million senior unsecured note (the “2020 Unsecured Note”) to an unrelated third party. The 2020 Unsecured Note was repaid in installments with the final contractually required payment made on March 31, 2021.
2019 Term Loan
On May 23, 2019, Driftwood Holdings LP (“Driftwood Holdings”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a senior secured term loan agreement (the “2019 Term Loan”) to borrow an aggregate principal amount of $60.0 million. On July 16, 2019, the principal amount was increased by an additional $15.0 million. Upon maturity or early repayment of the 2019 Term Loan, Driftwood Holdings was obligated to pay to the lender a fee equal to 20% of the principal amount borrowed less financing costs and cash interest paid (the “Final Payment Fee”). We issued to the lender a warrant to purchase approximately 1.5 million shares of our common stock at $10.00 per share (the “Original Warrant”). On March 3, 2020, the Original Warrant was replaced with a new warrant (the “Replacement Warrant”) which provided the lender with the right to purchase 9.0 million shares of our common stock at $1.00 per share.
On March 12, 2021 (the “Extinguishment Date”), we finalized a voluntary repayment of the remaining outstanding principal balance of the 2019 Term Loan. The extinguishment of the 2019 Term Loan resulted in an approximately $2.1 million gain, which was recognized within Gain on extinguishment of debt, net, on our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2021. As a result of repaying the outstanding balance prior to its contractual maturity, an approximately $4.4 million in unamortized debt issuance costs and discount were written off and included in the computation of the gain from the extinguishment of the 2019 Term Loan for the year ended December 31, 2021.
The holder of the 2019 Term Loan held approximately 3.5 million unvested warrants that had a fair value of approximately $6.3 million as of the Extinguishment Date. Due to the extinguishment of the 2019 Term Loan, all the unvested warrants were contractually terminated, and their respective fair value was included in the computation of the gain on extinguishment of the 2019 Term Loan.
2018 Term Loan
On September 28, 2018, Tellurian Production Holdings LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Tellurian Inc., entered into a three-year senior secured term loan credit agreement (the “2018 Term Loan”) in an aggregate principal amount of $60.0 million.
On April 23, 2021, we voluntarily repaid the remaining outstanding principal balance of the 2018 Term Loan. As a result of the voluntary repayment, we recognized an approximately $0.7 million loss, which was recognized within Gain on extinguishment of debt, net, on our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2021.